Scotland coach Andy Robinson had asked Brown to lead the team but it has been confirmed the Saracens flanker requires surgery on the leg injury he suffered against Treviso on Sunday.
With Brown expected to be sidelined for between eight and 10 weeks, Robinson turned to Ford, who has won 53 caps for Scotland.
"This is a special day for Ross, who has been a key figure in our leadership group and our most consistent performer for some time," Robinson said.
"I firmly believe he is the man who will step up and lead from the front.
"That said, I'm really disappointed for Kelly Brown.
"I had asked him to be the captain late last week but unfortunately injury will deprive him of that honour and the chance to lead out his country for his 50th cap.
"I wish him a speedy recovery."
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The entire All Blacks apparel line has been updated for 2013/14. Check out the New Zealand All Blacks polo.
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