Henson made his first Test appearance for more than two years as the Welsh Rugby Union celebrated their 130th anniversary by hosting the Baa-Baas at the Millennium Stadium.
The centre set up a try but struggled throughout a contest the Barbarians snatched 31-28 with a last-gasp Isa Nacewa try.
Henson told BBC Sport: "I am very proud, getting back into that Welsh jersey.
"I have really enjoyed the week, getting back in and playing today.
"But I am bitterly disappointed with my performance, there were some bad decisions I made.
"It was a good game to be involved in and it was a pity we lost in the end."
Henson had said prior to the game that he felt it could be his "last chance" to secure a place in coach Warren Gatland's plans for the World Cup.
When asked if he thought he had done enough to convince Gatland, the 29-year-old added: "I am not sure. I think I showed glimpses of what I could possibly do.
"It is not my decision, we will just have to wait and see.
"I would love to be involved in this summer's matches and the World Cup, but whether I did enough today I'm not sure.
"We will look at the video and see whether the coach wants me or not, but it was a good day and I enjoyed it."
Fly-half Stephen Jones was proud after becoming only the second player to win 100 Wales caps but could not hide his dismay at the result.
Jones told BBC Sport: "We are bitterly disappointed, we have worked hard in the last 10 days.
"We are disappointed to lose but I enjoyed the day and I enjoyed the occasion.
"The boys have been fantastic all week and I was looking forward to today immensely."
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