The Pumas arrived in Cardiff on the back of a debut Rugby Championship campaign in which they failed to win a game - and beat the Six Nations Grand Slam winners 26-12.
Halfpenny, who scored all of his team's points, admits that the Welsh fell a long way short of the heights they hit in the Six Nations, and says they must get back on track against Samoa on Friday.
"We didn't meet the standards we set ourselves against Argentina," he told the WRU website.
"Our ability to keep the ball wasn't good enough. We pride ourselves on our fitness and our ability to keep the ball but we weren't able to build that pressure.
"They slowed our ball down a lot and every time we attacked them there was a wall of white and blue jerseys in front of us.
"I think for us as players and a whole squad it's how we bounce back, how we react from Saturday.
"For me I just can't wait to get back on the pitch playing. We worked hard over the last two weeks and I guess we'll have to work harder now.
"I think over the series, the longer we spend together the stronger we'll get. We'll look at the video and look at what we've got to do better against Samoa."
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