It was the Blues' second bonus-point victory at the start of the new season.
The hosts introduced a promising prospect in the giant shape of 19-year-old wing Alex Cuthbert, whose touch down opened the scoring for the Welsh region before Tom James added a second.
Martyn Williams and Dafydd Hewitt added further tries after the break while Gareth Davies kicked 11 points.
Kris Burton kicked all of Treviso's points as the Italians came up short.
Cuthbert, already a Wales Sevens representative, made an immediate impact with two powerful runs in the first five minutes, the second ending with a stretch to his full 6ft 6ins to place the ball on the try line.
Within a minute, the Italians had arrived at the other end and fly-half Burton dropped a goal, setting the pattern for the half, as his boot kept cancelling out penalties by opposite number Davis.
Treviso showed ambition in going for position from a kickable penalty, but ended with a similar points reward when Burton dropped another goal.
From then until the break, it was a matter of penalties alternating between the two number 10s, the only exception resulting from a brilliant Blues' move, sparked by a Maama Molitika break in his own 22 and finished by wing James, who juggled Lewis Jones's final pass before going beneath the posts.
It gave the winger a record 30th touchdown for the Blues, overtaking the tally of former favourite Jamie Robinson.
Jones, an 18-year-old scrum-half, almost matched Cuthbert's debut try, but failed to gather his own kick ahead after darting away from a line out.
Both sides finished the half a man short, Blues locked Deiniol Jones and Treviso number eight Manoa Vosawai seeing yellow cards as the penalties kept coming.
An old hand grabbed the Blues third try early in the second period. Flanker Williams, thought by many unlucky not to be in New Zealand with Wales, took a return pass from James to trot over.
Treviso rarely threatened the Blues line, but tall wing Benjamin de Jager was only stopped by a desperate ankle tap from the covering Gavin Evans.
The Blues kicked a stream of penalties to the corner in the hunt for a bonus point, but it was only after replacement Gonzalo Padro was finally sin-binned that Hewitt darted over to complete the job.
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